The Challenges Facing Global Knowledge Governance

Knowledge plays a central role in empowering societies to address the multiple, political, economic and social challenges they face. With globalisation, revolutions in communications and information technologies (ICT), and a myriad of scientific advances, knowledge has become an increasingly important factor in achieving innovation, growth and competitiveness and in sustaining cultural creativity.

The ability of people to harness knowledge is, however, dependent on the structure of knowledge ownership. At present, intellectual property (IP) rules are the predominant tool for regulating the creation, diffusion and use of knowledge – and related goods and services. However, the unprecedented strengthening of IP rules in the past two decades has become a source of profound tension. Indeed, current arrangements for global knowledge governance face a range of challenges, including:

• A complex and expanding patchwork of multilateral, regional and bilateral regimes, institutions, processes and rules, both intergovernmental and private;
• Developing country demands for greater voice and for rebalancing the global IP system;
• Multiplying calls from stakeholders for greater transparency, accountability and participation;
• A proliferation of global policy debates with an IP dimension – ranging from debates on climate change, food security, the internet and innovation to those on how to expand access to affordable medicines, knowledge, and education, as well as on traditional knowledge; and
• Ongoing debates about how best to stimulate innovation and creativity and to share their benefits, and on the appropriate balance between proprietary knowledge and the public domain.

Aware that the contest over the scope and distribution of IP rights – and appropriate governance arrangements – is set to intensify, Oxford University’s Global Economic Governance Programme has convened an independent Expert Taskforce on Global Knowledge Governance to propose a set of principles and options for reform.

The Expert Taskforce on Global Knowledge Governance

Launched in November 2009, the taskforce will publish its report in 2011. The taskforce’s work will address the following questions:

• What are the most critical current and emerging global trends and challenges relating to knowledge generation, access and use? What are the issues that matter most to different kinds of stakeholders?
• How effective are the current arrangements for global knowledge governance in facing these challenges? Are they adequate for responding to emerging trends and future challenges?
• What are key principles that should guide reform of global knowledge governance and what are the options for reform?

The taskforce is led by a small, core team of experts participating in a personal capacity, supported by several distinguished Honorary Advisors. The work of the taskforce will include consultations; an online stakeholder survey; interviews with a diversity of academics, policy experts, and stakeholder communities around the world; and a review of the most relevant scholarly and policy literature.  The report will be peer-reviewed by a group of leading international scholars working on the intersection of issues covered in the study.

Views from the Taskforce’s Honorary Advisors

“In our knowledge-intensive economy, access to information and to knowledge has become the difference between prosperity and poverty, and between domination and liberation. The needs of the vast majority of the world’s population demand that we take knowledge governance seriously, that we acknowledge and understand the implications of the choices that we make. Those choices must be that information will serve not to oppress and to exploit, but will really serve to liberate humankind and promote true human development.” – Professor Rubens Ricupero, former Secretary-General of UNCTAD

“At the launch of the Institute for Science, Ethics and Innovation last year, we noted that ‘Who owns science?’ is a key issue for our times. An important part of the ownership of science lies in the international rules and mechanisms that govern knowledge, for which the existing arrangements are unsatisfactory and urgently need review.” – Sir John Sulston, Chair of the Institute for Science, Ethics and Innovation

“The world is moving to a division, not between the ‘North’ and the ‘South’, but between the ‘fast’ and the ‘slow’, between those who are able or not to take advantage of new technologies. There is tremendous potential for inequality within and between countries. How knowledge is created, accumulated, shared and governed in a globalised world determines the extent and nature of this inequality. Institutional governance is worthy of scrutiny.” – Dr. Jacques Attali, Scholar, Economist and Writer

Online stakeholder survey: Contribute your views

The Expert Taskforce invites you to participate in our on-line stakeholder survey on Global Knowledge Governance. The survey is open for responses until 15 October 2010. Click here for more background on the survey.

To begin the survey in English, click here.  Pour une version de cette étude en français, appuyez ici. Para una versión en español de la encuesta, haga clic aquí.

Contact

For further information on the Taskforce, please contact its Director, Carolyn Deere Birkbeck, at carolyn.deere@politics.ox.ac.uk or the Taskforce Secretary, Catherine Monagle, at intellectualproperty@univ.ox.ac.uk.